______________ can be defined as the circumstances in which a group of differences in performance relative to common standards results in a disproportionate failure rate in a subgroup.

______________ can be defined as the circumstances in which a group of differences in performance relative to common standards results in a disproportionate failure rate in a subgroup.

• A. Afirmative action
• B. Adverse impact
• C. Preferential discrimination
• D. Ethical favoritism

Answer: (B)

The term that accurately describes the situation where a group of differences in performance relative to common standards leads to a disproportionate failure rate in a subgroup is adverse impact. Adverse impact occurs when selection procedures or criteria disproportionately disadvantage a particular demographic group, even if these criteria appear neutral and valid on the surface. For example, if a certain test is used for hiring or promotion that, while fair in terms of individual performance, consistently results in lower success rates for a specific racial or gender group, this creates an adverse impact. Understanding this concept is crucial in tactical strength and conditioning contexts, as it ensures that training and assessment methods are equitable and do not unintentionally discriminate against certain groups. This understanding is important for designing fair evaluation systems in various fields, recognizing the potential for systemic biases that may affect diverse groups.

The term that accurately describes the situation where a group of differences in performance relative to common standards leads to a disproportionate failure rate in a subgroup is adverse impact. Adverse impact occurs when selection procedures or criteria disproportionately disadvantage a particular demographic group, even if these criteria appear neutral and valid on the surface.

For example, if a certain test is used for hiring or promotion that, while fair in terms of individual performance, consistently results in lower success rates for a specific racial or gender group, this creates an adverse impact. Understanding this concept is crucial in tactical strength and conditioning contexts, as it ensures that training and assessment methods are equitable and do not unintentionally discriminate against certain groups.

This understanding is important for designing fair evaluation systems in various fields, recognizing the potential for systemic biases that may affect diverse groups.